KPV 5mg

KPV Peptide is a tripeptide composed of lysine, proline, and valine (Lys–Pro–Val). It is a bioactive fragment derived from the C-terminal region of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). This product is designed exclusively for in vitro and in vivo (animal) laboratory research and is not intended for human or veterinary use. KPV has been widely studied in cellular and animal research models for its role in inflammatory signaling and immune-related pathways.¹

Cellular Inflammatory Signaling Research

One major area of interest for KPV in laboratory research is its interaction with inflammatory signaling pathways. Studies conducted using epithelial cells and immune-derived cell lines indicate that KPV may influence the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a key regulator of inflammatory gene transcription. By modulating intracellular signaling cascades associated with pro-inflammatory mediator production, KPV has become a useful research tool for studying inflammation at the cellular level.^2,3

Immune Cell Response Studies

KPV has also been examined in laboratory models focused on immune cell behavior. In vitro experiments involving macrophages and monocytes suggest that KPV may alter cytokine signaling patterns, including pathways related to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins. These findings support the use of KPV in mechanistic research exploring peptide-mediated immune regulation in controlled laboratory environments.⁴

Epithelial and Animal Model Research

In vitro studies using intestinal and skin-derived epithelial models indicate that KPV may influence cellular stress responses and tight junction-associated protein expression under inflammatory conditions.⁵ Separate research has examined KPV's effects on inflammatory signaling markers in animal models of induced intestinal inflammation.⁵

Receptor-Independent Mechanism Studies

Unlike larger melanocortin peptides, KPV has demonstrated activity in vitro that appears to be partially independent of classical melanocortin receptors. This characteristic makes KPV particularly useful for research focused on non-receptor-mediated signaling, peptide transport, and intracellular interactions. As a simplified peptide fragment, KPV is frequently used in structure–function studies involving short bioactive peptides.^2,6

Important Notice

This KPV peptide product is strictly for in vitro and in vivo (animal) laboratory research only and is not approved for human or animal use. Any application outside of controlled laboratory research is prohibited. These findings do not establish safety, efficacy, or suitability for clinical or diagnostic purposes.

Product Information

KPV is supplied for research purposes only. It should be handled by trained laboratory personnel and used in accordance with appropriate safety protocols. This material is intended solely for controlled laboratory experimental applications.

References

1. Catania A, Gatti S, Colombo G, Lipton JM. Targeting melanocortin receptors as a strategy to control inflammation. Pharmacol Rev. 2004;56(1):1–29.
2. Luger TA, Scholzen TE, Brzoska T, Böhm M. New insights into the functions of α-MSH and related peptides in immune regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;994:133–140.
3. Kannengiesser K et al. Anti-inflammatory signaling effects of melanocortin peptides in epithelial cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;128(2):394–402.
4. Getting SJ. Melanocortin peptides and immune response modulation. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002;23(10):447–449.
5. Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, et al. Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14(3):324–331.
6. Brzoska T, Luger TA. Melanocortin peptides beyond pigmentation. Endocr Rev. 2008;29(5):581–602.